Recently, cotton in the Yellow River BasinIntelligent On-site observation of the integration and demonstration of mechanized production technology and the National Smart Agriculture Technology Exchange Conference were held in Nangong City, Hebei Province. Experts from the national cotton industry technology system and Hebei Province cotton industry technology system, the director of the comprehensive experimental station and A total of more than 200 people including major cotton growers in Hebei Province attended the meeting. The reporter learned from the meeting that the intelligent mechanized cotton production technology developed by Hebei has not only pushed Hebei’s cotton production to a new level, but has also been promoted and applied in the cotton areas of the Yellow River Basin.
Geng Junyi, a researcher at the Cotton Research Institute of the Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, introduced production management Complexity, low degree of mechanization and high labor input are the main factors restricting the improvement of cotton production efficiency. In recent years, labor costs have continued to rise, cotton planting income has continued to decline, and the cotton planting area in the Yellow River Basin has continued to shrink for many years. How to improve the mechanization and intelligence level of cotton production management has become the primary issue that needs to be solved to stabilize the cotton production area.
Focusing on this problem, scientific research by the Cotton Research Institute of the Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences The personnel have carried out research on the cultivation of new cotton varieties suitable for mechanical picking and the full-process mechanized production technology of “cultivation, planting, management and harvesting”, integrating machine-friendly varieties, precision sowing, water and fertilizer integration, green prevention and control, and mechanical harvesting. A number of key technologies for the mechanization of cotton production, including harvesting and straw returning to the field, have realized the mechanized management of cotton from planting to harvesting. It has been demonstrated and promoted in many places in Hebei, Shandong and Tianjin, and has achieved good results.
In order to further improve the level of intelligent and digital management of cotton production, Hebei The Cotton Research Institute of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, in conjunction with the Hebei Provincial Agricultural Mechanization Technology Promotion Station and other units, carried out innovations integrating mechanization and intelligence in cotton production management based on existing research results.
In the pre-broadcast preparation phase, an intelligent laser grader is used, The flatness of the land has been greatly improved, which solves the “big flatness and small unevenness” phenomenon caused by traditional agricultural machinery in the process of cultivating the land, and avoids the “dry here and waterlogging” situation of farmland watering caused by uneven land. It not only saves Water resources have also greatly improved the quality of sowing .
In the sowing process, the Beidou navigation system is used to solve the problem of “sowing” By solving the problem of “not straight rows and uneven row spacing”, we have achieved precise and precise cotton sowing, which not only ensures uniform emergence of seedlings, but also improves operating efficiency by 30% to 40% in later field management, such as cultivating and plant protection, and improves sowing quality. Significant improvement.
In the irrigation management link, a smart agricultural management system is introduced. The system can collect environmental data through sensors installed in the field. Based on the environmental information and crop information collected in the background, combined with crop models, it can analyze, diagnose and make scientific decisions on crop growth conditions, helping users choose reasonable fertilizer and water management and perform remote intelligence. control, creating a new modern cotton planting scenario where “a small screen controls tens of thousands of acres of cotton fields”. Compared with traditional management, the cotton smart agricultural management system can save more than 20% of water, save more than 80% of labor costs, and reduce management costs by 80 to 90 yuan per mu.
Experts at the meeting believed that the intelligent mechanized cotton production technology developed by Hebei Not only makes cotton production management more accurate and scientific, high efficiency, and has also set a new benchmark for simple, smart, and efficient production in the cotton areas of the Yellow River Basin, and has very broad application prospects.
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