How to quickly and effectively identify spinning technology and yarn varieties
1. Visual inspection method of combustion and hand feeling
It is to identify by looking at it with your eyes and touching it with your hands. fiber method. The principle is to rely on human sensory organs to qualitatively identify textile fibers based on the combustion characteristics and appearance, color, gloss, length, thickness, strength, elasticity, feel and impurity content of various fibers. This method can quickly identify various textile raw materials without the aid of instruments and is extremely practical.
2. Identification of colored cotton and dyed cotton
The difference between colored cotton and dyed cotton mainly depends on the color on the fiber cross-section. If it is colored cotton, the color on the fiber cross-section gradually becomes lighter from the center to the edge of the cross-section, while the dyed cotton fiber cross-section has a darker color on the edge of the fiber section. , and the color edge gradually becomes lighter in the center, because during the spinning process, while the inner and outer layers of fibers are transferred, the fibers in each layer have a significant squeezing effect on the fibers in the inner layer.
3. Identification of ring spinning and open-end spinning
Ring spinning is obtained by spinning on a spinning frame, and the twist direction of the spinning yarn is Z twist, so S twist is used for untwisting, and the fibers can be separated.
Open-end spinning forms a vortex through the swirling air flow, so the fibers on the surface of the yarn are entangled with each other, and the fibers inside have a certain twist, but because the surface fibers are entangled with each other , so no matter whether z-twisting or S-twisting is used to untwist, the fibers cannot be separated.
Therefore, the two can be distinguished through the above method, and for yarns of the same yarn count, the strength of ring spinning is better than that of open-end spinning, and the hairiness, Even dry air spinning is better than ring spinning.
4. Identification of ring spinning double-strand yarn and siro spinning
Ring spinning is It is spun on a spinning frame, and the twist direction of single yarn spinning is Z twist, and the two single yarns are combined with S twist. In Siro spinning, two slivers with a certain distance are fed into the spun yarn drafting area. They are drafted separately and then twisted into yarn. Moreover, the two yarns are “Z” twisted. After twisting into yarn, the twist direction is still “Z”. Z” twist. Therefore, you can distinguish the two by looking at the combined twist direction of the yarn.
5. Identification of air-jet spinning and vortex spinning
The structure of air-jet yarn is divided into two parts: yarn core and outer fiber. The yarn core is parallel and twisted, and has a tight structure. The outer fiber is loose and irregularly wound around the yarn core. Therefore, the air-jet yarn has a fluffy structure and a fuller appearance. The vortex yarn structure is also divided into yarn core and outer fiber. The core fiber is arranged in parallel and has no twist. The outer fiber is wrapped in a regular spiral on the surface of the yarn core, and the outer layer of regular spiral wrapped fibers has a high proportion, accounting for 60% of the total fiber. %, so that the internal untwisted fibers are almost completely covered, overcoming the problem of core exposure of air-jet yarn, and the surface fiber arrangement is closer to that of traditional ring-spun yarn, with a tighter structure.
Therefore, as long as the outer layer of fiber is peeled off and the inner layer of fiber is twisted and whether the outer layer of wrapped fiber is regular, the two can be distinguished. And air-jet spinning mainly spins chemical fiber and cotton blends, purified fiber yarns and their blended yarns. There is no air-jet spinning for cotton.
6. The difference between combed yarn and compact spinning yarn Identification
For compact spinning, you only need to see that there are few neps in the yarn on the entire cloth surface, and the yarn is also very even. Very smooth. In addition, you can also look at the disassembled yarn. If it is compactly spun, the entire yarn will have very little hairiness, will be smooth, and will have better strength than combed cotton. The entire cloth surface feels thinner than combed cotton. Therefore, we can distinguish them from the above three aspects.
7. TightIdentification of compact spinning yarn and siro compact spinning yarn
The twisting triangle area of spindle spinning is equipped with a grille plate and an air suction condensation device, so the yarn is uniform, the strength is increased, and the hairiness of the silk thread is less.
The difference is that in compact spinning, a single yarn is fed into the spinning frame, while in siro spinning, two rovings kept at a certain distance are fed into the spinning frame. After drafting, the two single yarns are output from the front roller. The single yarn sliver has a small amount of twist due to the transfer of twist. After being spliced, it is further twisted into a ply-like yarn and wound on the bobbin.
8. Cotton slub yarn and linen yarn Identification
The thickness of the bamboo joints, the spacing between the bamboo joints, the length of the bamboo joints, and the yarn count of the bottom yarn of the cotton bamboo joints are all tested in advance. It is designed, so there are certain rules. The spinning of flax is carried out in a semi-degummed condition, and the length of the flax fiber is poorly regular and varies in length, so the spun yarn is seriously uneven, and the length of the yarn shows irregular slubs of different thicknesses. , the spacing of the bamboo joints is also irregular. So as long as we start from these characteristics, we can distinguish them.
9. Identification of cotton yarn and rayon yarn
1. Cotton yarn will not emit smoke when burning However, rayon yarn will emit sparks and burn faster than cotton yarn.
2. When cotton yarn is moistened with water, its strength will not decrease, while when rayon yarn is moistened with water, its strength will greatly decrease, and the wet strength is much smaller than the dry strength.
3. Put cotton yarn and rayon yarn into a cup of water at the same time. Because rayon yarn has better permeability than cotton yarn, the rayon yarn sinks to the bottom of the cup first, while the cotton yarn sinks to the bottom of the cup first. Slightly slower (but it is worth noting that the cotton yarn that has just been pre-treated and has not been washed with desizing alkali solution will immediately wet and sink into the water due to the penetration of alkali)
Using the above three methods together, we can distinguish cotton yarn from rayon yarn.
10. Identification of silk and wool yarn
Real silk and wool yarn both have the odor of burnt feathers when burning, so we can’t distinguish them at this point, so we can only distinguish them by looking at the number of single fibers. After the silk is dyed, Part of the sericin has been removed, so the two silk fibroins are separated, if it is 1/22D/20D The number of silk threads will become 14~16. In addition, we can quickly distinguish it from the luster. In addition, from the spinnable count, 1/22D/20D has a yarn count of almost 500. Such yarn can only be embedded. This can only be achieved by spinning, so we can also distinguish it from the thickness of the raw materials.
22. Identification of cotton yarn and bamboo fiber yarn
1. Cotton yarn will not emit sparks when burning, but bamboo fiber yarn will emit sparks and burn faster than cotton yarn.
2. When cotton yarn is wetted with water, its strength will not decrease, while when bamboo fiber yarn is wetted with water, its strength will decrease, only about 60% of the dry strength.
3. Put cotton yarn and bamboo fiber yarn into a cup of water at the same time. Because the permeability of bamboo fiber yarn is better than cotton yarn, the bamboo fiber yarn sinks to the bottom of the cup first, while the cotton yarn sinks slightly slower (but it is worth noting The cotton yarn that has just been pre-treated and has not been washed with desizing alkali solution will immediately wet and sink into the water due to the penetration of alkali)
4. The cross-sectional shapes under the electron microscope are different.
12. Identification of polyester-cotton yarn and polyester-viscose yarn
Untwist the two yarns, and then look at the length of the single fiber; polyester-cotton yarn, whether it is polyester staple fiber or cotton fiber, is usually cotton type. The cut length of polyester is 38mm, and even if cotton contains long The fiber length of velvet cotton is 23mm~ 45mm. If the polyester-viscose yarn is cotton type yarn, its cutting length is 38mm, medium-length yarn has a cutting length of 51mm~76mm, and wool type yarn has a cutting length of 76mm~224mm. We can distinguish it by the length of the fiber. them.
13. Identification of three types of Tencel
TSG100 is a fibrillation Tencel, if processed into finished TSG100 Tencel yarn, the surface will have very fine fluff.
TSA100 is a kind of Tencel that cannot be fibrillated. If processed into finished TSA100 Tencel yarn, there will be no fluff on the surface.
TSLF100 is a kind of Tencel that can be fibrillated and cannot be fibrillated. If the surface of the finished TSLF100 Tencel yarn is hairy, and There is a lot of hairiness that is unevenly distributed throughout the yarn.
14. Identification of polyester and nylon
1. Whether polyester is cationic modified polyester, drafted yarn or low elastic yarn, the color of the flame when burning is light red, with Aromatic smell.
2. Nylon, whether it is drafted yarn or low-elastic yarn, has a smell when burning. The flame color of white or light-colored nylon is light blue when burning. , while the flame color of black or dark nylon is light yellow when burning.
15. How to identify glossy wire and diamond wire
The luster of glossy yarn and diamond yarn are almost the same, and the surface of the silk yarn is very bright.
In spinning, the content of TiO2 matting agent added to shiny yarn and diamond yarn is different, while diamond yarn has almost no TiO2 matting agent added. Therefore, the spinnability is poor, so the silk thread has very few single fibers. Therefore, to distinguish between the two, you need to count the number of single fibers to identify them.
16. Identification of ordinary polyester and cationic polyester
If both are raw silk, then we only need to look at the gloss. The gloss of cationic polyester is between semi-matt and glossy, which is matte, so From this we can distinguish them. If it is a finished product, then the dark color is cationic polyester (except for yarn-dyed fabrics). Remove a few threads and pull them a few times. The weak ones are cationic polyester.
17. Low stretch yarn and hollow variable yarn Identification
Low-elastic yarn (twisted needs to be untwisted) does not need to be pulled with too much force, and the fiber is always in a curled state. During the deformation process of air-fiber yarn, the fiber is deformed by the vortex of the air flow in the nozzle, which causes the fibers to become entangled and twisted with each other. Therefore, if you pull hard, the entangled fibers will never be separated from each other. We can use this to distinguish these two types of silk threads.
18. Identification of polyester, nylon, and acrylic fiber
1. Whether polyester is cationic modified High-strength polyester, whether it is draft yarn or low elastic yarn, the color of the flame when burning is light red and has an aromatic smell.
2. Nylon, whether it is drafted yarn or low-elastic yarn, has a smell when burning. The flame color of white or light-colored nylon is light blue when burning. , while the flame color of black or dark nylon is light yellow when burning.
3. Whether acrylic fiber is draft yarn or low-elastic yarn, it smells bad when burned, and the color of the flame when burning is light red.
Using this, you can identify these three fibers.
19. Identification of cotton yarn, linen cotton and linen viscose yarn
If the cotton yarn is not bamboo Pitch yarn, whether it is ring spinning or open-end spinning, the evenness of the entire yarn is basically uniform. Flax spinning is carried out in a semi-degummed condition, and the single fibers of hemp fiber are shorter, so as long as flax is contained in the yarn, no matter what the blending ratio is, the spun yarn will always be uneven. , the longitudinal direction of the yarn shows irregular bamboo sections with different thicknesses, and the spacing between the bamboo sections is also irregular. So as long as we start from this characteristic, can distinguish them.
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