1. UV-resistant fabric production technology
Ultraviolet rays have a sterilizing effect on bacteria and can also cause damage to human skin. After human skin is irradiated by ultraviolet rays, two different photobiological reactions can occur. One is immediate tanning, and the other is delayed tanning. The former is caused by long-wave ultraviolet UVA and visible light, and melanin is distributed in the base layer of the skin; The latter is caused by UVB radiation of shorter wavelength. Melanin is distributed throughout the base layer and causes thickening of the epidermis, damaging skin cells and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
How to prevent the harm of ultraviolet rays to the human body. An effective way is to develop and develop fabrics with anti-ultraviolet functions. Use anti-ultraviolet fabrics to design and produce shirts, swimwear, outerwear, special clothing and other clothing with different personalities for people to choose from. Prevent damage to human skin caused by ultraviolet rays in the sun. The process flow of UV-resistant fabrics from spinning to weaving is basically the same as conventional yarn-resistant and weaving methods. For example, when weaving high-count and high-density UV-resistant poplin fabric, the warp and weft yarn counts are 80/2 English strands; the warp and weft density is 130×75 threads/inch; the gray fabric width is 47 inches (119.5 cm). The fiber is blended with 30% UV-resistant fiber 1.4D×38mm and 70% cotton fiber. There are two main principles of anti-UV, one is physical method and the other is chemical method. The main features of its spinning and weaving process are as follows:
2. Spinning process flow and process characteristics
(1) Process flow
Polyester: cleaning → carding → pre-combination → blending → blending → blending → triple blending → roving
Cotton: Cleaning → Carding → Pre-combination → Rolling → Combing → Spinning → Winding → Twisting → Winding
(2) Process characteristics
① Cleaning process: UV-resistant polyester short fiber and cotton fiber are processed separately and rolled into rolls respectively. The ration of UV-resistant polyester fiber rolls is similar to that of conventional polyester fiber rolls.
② Carding process: The carding process requires careful carding to solve the abnormal phenomenon of fiber winding around the cylinder, doffer, and cover plate, and reduce the hook fibers that generate neps. In order to adapt to the processing of UV-resistant polyester fiber, process measures of light weight and multiple transfers should be adopted.
③ The doubling process: The key to the doubling process is to control the pure doping of polyester and solve the problem of twisting and static electricity caused by the addition of anti-UV fiber materials. In order to make production proceed smoothly, the roller speed should be appropriately reduced and the draft ratio should be reduced to ensure that the bell mouth is smooth and clean, the fiber strip channel is free of oil and burrs, and the roving weight is lighter than conventional yarns of the same count.
④Spinning process: The spinning process mainly solves the problem of winding rollers and top rollers to increase the strength of the yarn. Since the UV-resistant polyester fiber is a strong and stretchable fiber, its strength is low. At the same time, because the fiber is easy to wind and stick, Therefore, the draft ratio of the spinning machine is lower than that of the same yarn count. At the same time, the yarn channel is required to be smooth, the top roller is smooth, and the back roller spacing is larger to reduce the strength loss of the spinning yarn.
⑤ In terms of operation: The spinning part mainly focuses on cleaning the machine to ensure that the yarn channel is smooth and not blocked, the containers used in each process must be clean, and the floor must be clean and free of oil stains. In the spinning process, acquired factors such as cylinder winding, doffer, flat plate, and roller are no longer added.
3. Weaving process flow and characteristics of each process
(1) Process flow
Warp: winding → warping → sizing → reeding → weaving → inspection → finishing → warehousing
Weft: Winding → Weft winding → Yarn steaming → Weaving → Inspection → Sorting → Warehousing
(2) Process characteristics of each process
① Winding process: It is mainly to control the tension of yarn and keep the tension of single yarn and piece yarn small and even. The winding machine uses an electronic yarn clearer, the speed of the winding machine is 2200-2400 rpm, the line speed of the warping machine is 240 m/min, the winding uses small tension, and the weight of the tension ring is 90 grams.
② Sizing process: Since the UV-resistant poplin warp yarn is a high-count strand yarn with high warp density and easy elongation of the warp yarn, sizing is a key process in the fabric production. The sizing should be mainly based on coating and supplemented by penetration. The sizing should choose a low-viscosity and high-concentration slurry with high reinforcement and low stretch reduction to achieve enhanced stretch reduction and retention, hairiness adhesion, smooth twisting, reduced end breakage, and strips. for the purpose of reducing the impact.
③Weaving process: The density of UV-resistant poplin warp yarns is high. During the weaving process, it is necessary to prevent the warp yarns from adhering to each other and causing rungs in the weft direction. The weaving process must use a large tension, high back beam, and a small double-layer double-pedal opening to make the loom The opening is clear, friction is reduced, and the fabric surface is plump, the appearance is good, the defects are few, and the quality is good.
The warp and weft yarns of the UV-resistant poplin fabric are made of high-count combed strands blended with a low proportion of UV-resistant polyester fiber and cotton fiber, and are woven with high density. Therefore, the fabric has a fine, light, smooth, breathable, and cotton-sexy fabric style. , after half-bleaching, full-bleaching, dyeing and other dyeing and finishing processes, high-end men’s and women’s shirts and golf apparel fabrics with UV protection can be made.
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