Printing equipment-steaming equipment
The main equipment for silk fabric printing includes screen printing equipment, steaming equipment and washing equipment. For screen printing equipment, please refer to the relevant chapters in Chapter 8.
1. Steaming equipment
After printing, silk fabrics have been dried on the printing machine, but they must also be steamed to make the dyes and various chemical additives act under certain temperature, humidity, and pressure. , so that the dye and fiber can be fixed. There are two types of steaming equipment: intermittent and continuous.
11 Cylindrical steamer
Cylindrical steamer is a kind of intermittent steaming equipment commonly used for silk fabric printing. It mainly consists of an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, a sandwich steam pipe, a direct steam pipe at the bottom of the cylinder, It consists of hanging silk rack, top cover, etc. The structure is shown in Figure 10-21.
Cylindrical steamers are generally stationary. The diameter of the outer cylinder is generally 1800~2000mm. An annular interlayer space is formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, with a top cover that can be opened and closed. During steaming, steam is introduced into the interlayer. On the one hand, it can insulate the steamer, and on the other hand, it can prevent the steam from condensing into water droplets. The outer wall of the cylinder is covered with thermal insulation material to prevent heat dissipation. There are direct steam pipes, water inlet pipes, exhaust pipes, drainage pipes and flower iron plates (false bottom) at the bottom of the inner cylinder. The flower iron plates are covered with sackcloth or a stainless steel mesh plate partition is installed above the steam pipe to prevent Water spots splashed onto the fabric. In addition, it is also equipped with temperature gauges, pressure gauges, safety valves, water level gauges and other devices.
The fabric to be steamed is hung on the silk hanging rack in a certain hanging method. During steaming, the hanging silk rack is lifted into the inner cylinder of the steamer with an electric crane. There are two ways to hang silk: star-shaped and S-shaped. After the silk hanging rack is hoisted into the inner cylinder, cover the top cover and lock and seal. Then, steam is introduced into the interlayer so that the steam enters the inner cylinder through the mesh steel plate until it is full. The inner cylinder space and interlayer space are used to provide the temperature and humidity required for evaporation. During the steaming process, in order to allow the steam to circulate evenly on the fabric without producing condensation droplets, the exhaust pipe can be slightly opened. The evaporation temperature in the machine can be controlled by the exhaust pipe, and the humidity can be controlled by the amount of steam in the two steam inlet pipes. Saturated steam is generally used during evaporation. If superheated steam is used, the direct steam pipe should be immersed in the water at the bottom of the box. Water boils and evaporates under the action of direct superheated steam, supplementing insufficient humidity.
The cylindrical steamer has a simple structure, low cost, and a wide range of uses. It can be used for steaming various types of printed fabrics and various printing processes. It is suitable for small batch production. The capacity of the steamer is about 120 to 450m. (4~15 horses). However, it is difficult to adjust the steam, and improper operation can easily lead to differences in shades of color up and down. In addition, auxiliary tasks such as hanging and unloading silk are all manual operations, which are highly labor-intensive.
21 Continuous Steaming Equipment
Continuous steaming machines include long ring type, spider web type and bottomless continuous type.
(1) Long loop type: The long loop type continuous steaming machine is suitable for steaming directly printed fabrics and has a large silk capacity.
(2) Spider web type: Spider web type continuous steaming machine is mainly used for steaming engraving fabrics. Due to the short steaming time, it is not suitable for steaming general direct printing fabrics, but it can be used for direct printing of reactive dyes. Steaming of prints.
(3) Bottomless continuous type: Bottomless continuous steaming machine is a type of steaming equipment that is currently in development and can be suitable for various fiber fabrics. It can use saturated steam around 100°C. If superheated steam is used, the temperature can reach 180°C.
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