Dyeing equipment-star rack dyeing machine and square rack dyeing machine
At present, silk coloring is mostly fabric coloring or skein coloring, with fabric coloring being the main method. There are many varieties of silk fabrics, and each variety has its own organizational characteristics. Some are heavy, some are light; some are jacquard fabrics, some are plain fabrics, and some are crepe fabrics.
The choice of equipment for coloring silk fabrics to achieve the best results depends on the fabric’s tissue specifications, batch size, color depth, and coloring process. In general, silk fabrics are relatively thin and soft in texture, so it is better to use loose and less friction equipment.
At present, the equipment for coloring silk fabrics mainly includes star frame coloring machines, square frame coloring machines and SDF silk overflow coloring machines.
1. Star-shaped frame coloring machine and square frame coloring machine
11. Star-shaped frame coloring machine
Star-shaped frame coloring machine is still used more at home and abroad for silk fabric coloring. One of the devices is shown in Figure 10-17. It mainly consists of a large coloring tank and a hanging silk star frame. The dye tank is cylindrical or square, made of stainless steel, can be heated directly and indirectly, and is also equipped with a circulation pump to circulate the dye liquor. The fabrics are hung layer by layer on a star-shaped silk rack. The so-called star rack is a metal rack with disks at both ends. As shown in Figure 10-18(a). Many hooks are installed on the connecting files of the disc, and the fabric is hung on the hooks. As shown in Figure 10-18(b) and Figure 10-18(c). Because the silk hooks are separated by a certain distance, the fabric layers are also separated by a certain distance without touching each other. Because the rungs of the disk extend outward through the center of the circle in a radial shape like a star, it is called a star-shaped rack. .
An electric crane is installed above the star frame, which can move up, down, left and right. When dyeing, the star-shaped frame with the fabric hanging on it is hoisted into the dyeing tank. When dyeing starts or during the dyeing process, the star-shaped frame can be raised and lowered as needed, or the circulation pump can be started to circulate the dye liquor to ensure uniform coloring. .
The advantage of star-shaped frame coloring is that the fabric is flat and there are gaps between layers. The dye liquid can easily circulate, the fabrics have less friction with each other, and the coloring effect is even and transparent. The disadvantage is that the capacity is small, hanging and unloading silk are all manual operations, and the production efficiency is low. For fabrics with a loose structure, the weft direction of the fabric is easy to stretch after being impregnated with silk, and the layers still have to rub against each other. At the same time, defects such as “hook marks” may also occur. The star frame coloring machine is often used for coloring thick silk fabrics and velvet fabrics that cannot be pressed.
21 Square Rack Coloring Machine
The Square Rack Coloring Machine is a combination of the advantages of a hanging dyeing trough and a star-shaped frame. Its function is similar to that of a star-shaped frame, but it is more convenient to hang silk. As shown in Figure 10-19. The dyeing trough is a square trough, and the hanger is replaced by a square frame. The entire piece of open-width fabric is tied on both sides with steel needles, and is hung on the square frame every few layers. Each frame can hang 9 pieces of 50g/m2 fabric ( Each piece is 40~50m long). Use an electric crane to lift the square frame into the dyeing tank. Each dyeing tank has a capacity of 1800L. The square tanks can be grouped into a group to form a dyeing production line. Among them, the coloring tank is specially used for coloring (the residual coloring liquid can be reused), and the post-processing tank is specially used for water washing and post-processing, which can greatly improve production efficiency. The square rack coloring machine is suitable for coloring all silk fabrics, and its silk hanging operation is more convenient than the star-shaped rack. The fabric is in a loose open-width state, so it is not easy to scratch, and the dye liquid has good permeability, making the dyed fabric smooth and soft, with a soft and full feel. However, this equipment has a small silk capacity, low output, and may also produce defects such as “knife edge marks”.
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