Bleaching machine – high temperature and high pressure scouring and bleaching machine
Normal pressure saturated steam steaming has the characteristics of rapidly heating the fabric in a short period of time and maintaining a certain amount of moisture. However, its temperature can only reach 100~103℃, which cannot meet the requirements of high temperature finishing. However, in a closed system, the temperature of saturated steam can increase as its pressure increases, and the boiling point temperature of the liquid in the system also increases. This is the basic principle of high temperature and high pressure scouring and bleaching equipment with high temperature performance.
High temperature and high pressure steaming can shorten the heating time and increase the steaming speed. Moreover, due to the increase in steam pressure and temperature, the steam penetration rate is increased. If a certain steaming time is maintained, the cloth capacity can be increased and the steaming quality can also be improved.
The primary condition for generating high-temperature and high-pressure saturated steam is the existence of a closed system that can withstand a certain pressure. Therefore, the tightness of the system is the key to high-temperature and high-pressure steaming equipment. It must not only ensure that the fabric can continuously enter and exit the high-pressure steaming box, but also be wear-resistant and have a certain lifespan. If it is intermittent production, it can be solved by static sealing. Generally, bolts are used to tighten the box cover and box body and the rubber gasket filled between them, such as a high-pressure cooking pot. For continuous production of high-temperature and high-pressure steam seals, there are generally two types: lip type and roller type. A simple lip seal is a lip clip made of two pieces of PTFE, which is pressed against the running fabric to form a seal. Due to the severe friction between the clip and the fabric, streaks are prone to occur on colored fabrics. If dirt accumulates on the lip seal, it will stain the fabric. Therefore, it is generally not suitable for steaming fabrics after high-pressure coloring and printing. Figure 6-23 is a commonly used lip steam seal. The upper lip is made of stainless steel, and the lower lip is a rubber inflatable bag wrapped with a polytetrafluoroethylene film. The air pressure inside the bag is 68.6kPa, so that the lower lip is close to the upper lip, and the fabric passes between it, so steam is not easy to escape.
Figure 6-24 shows a lip-seal high-temperature and high-pressure steaming box. After the fabric enters the horizontal cylindrical steaming box through the lip seal, it is stacked on a roller bed (umbrella handle) composed of automatically rotating stainless steel rollers, steamed in high-pressure (196kPa) steam for 1 to 4 minutes, and then discharged and washed. Its lip sealing structure is shown in Figure 6-25. The incoming woven fabric and the outgoing woven fabric slide through the two smooth surfaces of the fixedly installed center bracket respectively. After the tubular air bag is filled with compressed air, it is wrapped with polytetrafluoroethylene Vinyl lip that presses the fabric against the center stand surface to create a seal.
Figure 6-26 shows a roller seal. Its sealing consists of face seal and end seal. The surface seal is formed by using the steam pressure in the high-pressure steam box to press the polytetrafluoroethylene sealing strip against the roller surface. The pressure at the rolling point between the rollers is generated by a pressurizing device to balance with the pressure in the steam box. For end sealing, bracket screws are used to press the PTFE end sealing sheets on the left and right end faces of each roller to achieve sealing.
Roller seal has less friction on the fabric and is mainly used in continuous high-temperature and high-pressure steaming equipment such as steaming after coloring and printing. However, there are still some problems with this seal, such as the deformation problem due to pressure and wear on the roller surface that is in contact with the fabric, and the cleaning problem after replacing the dye, etc., which still need to be improved.
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