Some domestic manufacturers have begun trial production of double-layer electrifying antistatic agents. The charge generated by the antistatic agent is opposite to the charge carried by the fiber when it is rubbed, so the electrical neutralization occurs, which reduces the charge on the surface of the fiber and improves the electrostatic property. At the same time, changes in air humidity will not affect the product’s resistance. Electrostatic properties.
Whether it is an external coating method or an internal mixing method, the action mechanism of antistatic agents for nonwoven materials is mainly reflected in two aspects: first, forming a conductive layer on the surface of the material, reducing the resistivity, and causing the electrostatic charge that has been generated to leak quickly ; The second is to give the material surface a certain degree of lubricity and reduce the friction coefficient, thereby inhibiting and reducing the generation of static charges.
When using antistatic agents for nonwoven materials, they must meet the conditions of small dosage, good effect, easy use, appropriate price, and no physical or chemical adverse effects on fibers. For products with temporary needs, they can be removed after use. For products requiring durable antistatic properties, they should be resistant to friction, washing and dry cleaning.
Antistatic agents for nonwoven fabrics are developing rapidly abroad, especially in developed countries such as the United States and Japan. Both the production and sales of antistatic agents rank among the best in the world. The development of foreign antistatic agents tends to be durable, good in heat resistance, wide in applicability and serialized in varieties. In addition, the varieties of solid antistatic agents used for metering and operation and processing are also gradually increasing.
However, in China, “improving the hygroscopicity of fibers” is the main way in which antistatic agents used by most antistatic nonwoven manufacturers work. Use hydrophilic nonionic surfactants or polymer substances for finishing. The antistatic effect of surfactant is due to its ability to form a directional adsorption layer on the surface of the fiber. In the adsorption layer, the hydrophobic end of the surfactant is attracted to the hydrophobic fiber, while the hydrophilic end points to the air, forming a layer on the surface of the fiber. Hydrophilic film. This improves the hygroscopicity of the fiber, accelerates the charge dissipation efficiency, reduces the accumulation of static electricity, reduces the surface resistance of the fiber, and achieves the antistatic effect. However, this type of finishing agent will affect its antistatic properties due to the reduction in air humidity.
However, the good news is that some domestic manufacturers have begun trial production of double-layer electrifying antistatic agents. This kind of antistatic agent is essentially ionization and adsorption caused by interface polarization, or electrodynamic phenomena caused by the affinity of resistance, forming a charge layer in an extremely thin surface layer. Generally speaking, acidic polymers tend to lose positive ions and form negatively charged surfaces, while the opposite is true for alkaline polymers. Since the charge generated by the antistatic agent is opposite to the charge carried by the fiber when it is rubbed, electrical neutralization occurs, which reduces the surface charge of the fiber and improves the electrostatic property. At the same time, changes in air humidity will not affect the product’s resistance. Electrostatic properties. It is understood that the raw materials currently used to produce this kind of antistatic agent with special discharge effect include polyurethane resin, 640 oil agent, etc.
What needs special attention is that during the antistatic finishing process of nonwoven fabrics, the liquid rolling rate, rolling speed, setting temperature and time will also affect the finishing effect. When the liquid squeeze rate is too low, it is difficult for the antistatic agent to form a continuous hydrophilic conductive layer on the fiber surface, and the antistatic effect is poor; when the liquid squeeze rate is too high, it is difficult to dry after finishing, the shaping effect is not good, and the antistatic hydrophobic base Failure to fuse with the fiber can easily lead to charge accumulation, thereby reducing or affecting the antistatic effect; too fast a vehicle speed will cause the antistatic agent in the nonwoven fabric to be completely infiltrated, and the two cannot fully fuse together to form a continuous, complete and Relatively uniform hydrophilic conductive layer. In addition, if the setting temperature is too low and the time is too short, the fabric electrode cannot fully fuse with the polyester fiber, making it difficult to form a good hydrophilic conductive layer and failing to achieve a good antistatic effect; otherwise, it is easy to cause heat loss of the base fabric and thereby cause Other performance deterioration and energy waste.
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