UV-resistant fabric UPF testing, UV-resistant fabric UV50+ testing
UPF testing standards:
AS/NZS4399, AATCC183, BSEN13758-1, BSEN13758-2, BS8466AnnexA, ASTMD6603, ASTMD6544, BSENISO7914
UPF is the abbreviation of English Ultraviolet Protection Factor, which is the ultraviolet protection factor. According to the definition in the national standard, UPF refers to “the ratio of the average effect of radiation calculated when the skin is unprotected to the average effect of ultraviolet radiation calculated when the skin is protected by fabrics.” This definition is relatively abstract. We can understand the physical meaning of UPF in this way. For example, a UPF value of 50 means that 1/50 of the ultraviolet rays can penetrate the fabric. The higher the UPF value, the better the UV protection effect. However, the national standard for textiles with high UPF value is 50+, that is, UPF>50. Because after UPF is greater than 50, the impact on the human body is completely negligible
UPF range protection classification UV transmittance (%) UPF logo
15-24 better protection 6.7-4.215, 20
25-39 very good protection 4.1-2.625, 30, 35
40－50, 50＋very excellent protection≤2.540, 45, 50, 50＋
There is currently no unified international UV protection testing standard. The testing methods for UV protection are roughly divided into direct testing methods and instrumental testing methods.
Direct testing methods include human testing methods and discoloration and fading methods, which are simple, fast, and have poor reproducibility. Human testing methods have large systematic deviations due to skin differences between human bodies, and the test is harmful to the human body.
Instrumental testing methods include ultraviolet intensity accumulation method, ultraviolet method and spectrophotometer method. EU standards, Australian/New Zealand standards, British standards, American AATCC standards and Chinese standards all use the spectrophotometer method. This method mainly generates ultraviolet rays with a wavelength of 290-400nm through a stable UV light source, irradiates the sample through a monochromator, collects the total spectral projection rays, determines the total spectral projection ratio, and calculates the ultraviolet transmittance of the sample. and protection factor UPF value.
The UPF value refers to the ratio of the average effect of ultraviolet radiation calculated when the skin is unprotected to the average effect of ultraviolet radiation calculated when the skin is protected by fabric. It can also be considered as the ratio of the time threshold required for ultraviolet radiation to cause skin damage (such as erythema, eye damage, carcinogenic critical dose) after textiles are adopted and the time threshold to reach the same level of damage without using textiles. Therefore, depending on the focus and the differences in human skin, a certain textile will have many UPF values, but the UPF value that causes erythema is generally represented.
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